Friday, February 14, 2020

Defining Socialism, Democratic Socialism, and Social Democracy

If we are going to have informed discussion about politics and political theories, using the correct terminology and understanding their definitions is essential.

Social Democracy:

Supports economic and social interventions to promote social justice within the framework of a liberal democratic polity and a capitalist-oriented economy.

The protocols and norms used to accomplish this involve a commitment to representative and participatory democracy, measures for income redistribution, regulation of the economy in the general interest, and social welfare provisions.  (Citation)

Democratic Socialism:
Advocates for political democracy alongside a socially-owned economy, with a particular emphasis on workers' self-management and democratic control of economic institutions; either within a market socialist economy or some form of a decentralized planned socialist economy.

Although most democratic socialists seek a gradual transition to socialism, democratic socialism can support either revolutionary or reformist politics as means to establish socialism. As a term, democratic socialism was popularized by social democrats who were opposed to the authoritarian socialist development in Russia and elsewhere during the 20th century.  (Citation)

Socialism:
Encompasses a range of economic and social systems characterized by social ownership of the means of production and workers' self-management of enterprise.

Social ownership can be public, collective or cooperative ownership, or citizen ownership of equity. There are many varieties of socialism and there is no single definition encapsulating all of them, but social ownership is the common element shared by its various forms.  (Citation)